Academia
Probability & Math
The maths of chance: odds, expected value, variance and the famous fallacies — explained with playable demos.
The Gambler's Fallacy
After five reds, black feels 'due'. It isn't. Here is why independent events have no memory.
beginner 4 min
Probability vs Odds
Two languages for likelihood—and how to translate between them without being misled.
beginner 2 min
The Law of Large Numbers
Why long simulations stabilize while short sessions stay noisy.
beginner 2 min
Expected Value Without the Jargon
Combine probability and net results into one honest long-run average.
intermediate 2 min
Volatility vs Hit Rate
Why “wins often” and “returns more” are completely different claims.
intermediate 2 min
Why Plinko Forms a Bell Shape
Count the left-right paths and see why the center is reached most often.
intermediate 2 min